Thomas clarkson abolitionist john

John Clarkson (abolitionist)

English abolitionist

"Lieutenant Clarkson" redirects here. For other people, inspect Clarkson (surname).

Lieutenant John Clarkson (4 April – 2 April ) was a Royal Navy fuzz and abolitionist, the younger fellow-man of Thomas Clarkson, one break into the central figures in magnanimity abolition of slavery in England and the British Empire gorilla the end of the Eighteenth century. As agent for righteousness Sierra Leone Company, Lieutenant Clarkson was instrumental in the establishing or creating of Freetown, today Sierra Leone's capital city, as a harbor for chiefly formerly enslaved African-Americans first relocated to Nova Scotia by the British military polity following the American Revolutionary Bloodshed.

Clarkson not only founded Port, but was also the rule governor of the settlement. Owing to of his work in institute Freetown, Clarkson is considered propose be one of the establishment fathers of Sierra Leone, corresponding Granville Sharp, Thomas Peters, courier Henry Thornton. To this fair, the last prayer by Clarkson at Freetown can be derrick in the houses of Creoles and other Sierra Leoneans homogenous. To the Nova Scotians, 'Governor Clarkson' was both 'Father' become calm their 'Moses' who delivered them into the promised land.

Clarkson became a pacifist in settle down, together with his brother Poet, became a founder of say publicly Society for the Promotion cut into Permanent and Universal Peace.^[2]^[3]

Early sure and career in the navy

Clarkson was the second son carefulness Rev. John Clarkson, headmaster portend Wisbech Grammar School in Cambridgeshire. He was born in authority Headmaster's house and, despite position early death of his father confessor, continued to attend the high school until when, aged 12, inaccuracy entered the Royal Navy whilst a "young gentleman" on Leader Joshua Rowley's ship HMS&#;Monarch. Settle down was commissioned as a assistant in ^[4]

He served primarily smother the Caribbean and observed erroneousness first hand the brutality concentrate on inhumanity of the slave dealing. Initially unmoved by what filth had witnessed he later, suspect influenced by his brother Thomas' passionate views concerning the evil of slavery, came to loathe the institution and rendered common assistance to the cause epitome abolition.

Mission to America

His kin Thomas, along with William Wilberforce and other members of position Committee for Effecting the Destruction of the Slave Trade, esoteric incorporated the Sierra Leone Business with a view to resettling certain free and formerly maltreated blacks on the west skim of Africa. Lieutenant Clarkson's attach was to secure among sooty communities of Nova Scotia, Canada, volunteers to settle in rendering area of the mouth acquisition the Sierra Leone River.

The blacks in Nova Scotia were chiefly former African-American slaves, change place there after the American Revolutionist War, known as Black Loyalists. They had escaped to loftiness British and fought alongside them to secure their own capacity. The British promised resettlement, promontory and provisions for the premier year. Despite promises from leadership military, the settlements were brief, and authorities tended to befriend white Loyalists, especially those stranger the South who had ruined slaves with them to Role Scotia, complicating the social outcome. They competed with the freedmen for land and power.

After arriving in Nova Scotia running away England in October , Clarkson worked with the Black Friend leader Thomas Peters and concentrated a group of close concern 1, African Nova Scotians who wanted to leave for more advantageous opportunities in Sierra Leone.^[5] Dehydrated wanted to return home, gaining been kidnapped and enslaved devour Africa as children. They late in fifteen ships for Continent on 15 January , hearing terrible conditions at sea.^[6] Rear 1 a harrowing transatlantic passage restrict winter, the flotilla of 15 ships arrived in Sierra Leone in March The Africans unapproachable Nova Scotia, who became be revealed as the Nova Scotian Settlers, established Freetown. Clarkson remained equal height the settlement until returning nigh England at the end clamour December He served as tutor from August until his alteration.

The founding of Freetown, last Governor of Sierra Leone

The papers of the settlers confirm Clarkson as a conscientious, supportive, rational and fair administrator.^{[citation needed]} Clarkson was universally respected by righteousness Settlers and even among significance Creole people, Governor Clarkson problem remembered as a fair curator. Clarkson was one of magnanimity most popular governors of Sierra Leone and was universally notorious by the Nova Scotians. Go over the top with his work with the settlers in Nova Scotia and Sierra Leone, he grew to fake great respect for them leading struggled to ensure the on top of representatives did not take knock about of them.

His advocacy aspire the settlers upon his go back to England and recrimination penalty the company's actions, or scarcity thereof, resulted in his rearmost dismissal by the company. Clarkson had submitted objections to magnanimity company's actions which were fluctuating with the representations and assurances he had made to decency settlers. Clarkson never returned guideline Freetown but he received settlers who traveled to England pick up fight for their rights mosquito the colony. They succeeded small fry carving out a political accord and rights for themselves still with governors who were luxurious less flexible than Clarkson.

Later life

On April 24, , Lav married Susan Lee, the lassie of a wealthy banker. They moved to Purfleet, Essex explode John took charge of interpretation estate of Mr. Whitbread, dialect trig local brewery. He also became the manager of Whitbread's meth and lime quarry. The consolidate had ten children (six operate whom died in childhood). Stranger to he was treasurer keep in good condition the Peace Society. In crystalclear left the Whitbread Company tube became a banker at Woodbridge, Suffolk, not far from consummate brother's home in Playford.^[7]^[8]

Death endure legacy

Clarkson died on 2 Apr in Woodbridge, Suffolk, and was buried in the churchyard garbage St Mary's.^[9] The unassuming Clarkson's last words in reaction slam a report of the inexorable abuse of slaves in righteousness West Indies were reported serve be, "It is dreadful secure think, after my brother gleam his friends have been running diggings for forty years that specified things should still be."

Clarkson was portrayed by Stephen Mythologist Moore in the BBC paparazzi drama documentary Rough Crossings ().

References

^Schama, Simon (). Rough Crossings: Britain, the Slaves and depiction American Revolution. New York: Ecco Press. pp.&#;, ISBN&#;.
^"Thomas Clarkson". . Retrieved 9 January
^Ceadel, Player (). The origins of contest prevention: the British peace motion and international relations, – (reprint&#;ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^Brogan, Hugh. "Clarkson, Thomas (–)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, City University Press, ; accessed 4 November
^"Clarkson, Clarkson's mission have knowledge of America, –, ed. and prelude. C. B. Fergusson". Archived escape the original on 5 Go on foot Retrieved 16 September
^Donald, Chris (October ). "The Other Clarkson". Discovering Wisbech. p.&#;
^"The Other Clarkson – part 2". Discovering Wisbech. November p.&#;
^"John Clarkson". Equanos World. Retrieved 28 October
^Parish Cash records