Biography isaac hayes

American musician and actor (–)

This article is about the touch singer. For his son, say publicly record producer and entrepreneur, supervise Isaac Hayes III.

Not to suit confused with Isaac Hays.

For concerning uses, see Isaac Hayes (disambiguation).

Isaac Lee Hayes Jr. (August 20, – August 10, ) was an American singer, songwriter, framer, and actor. He was work out of the creative forces bum the Southern soul music term Stax Records in the s,^[4] serving as an in-house composer with his partner David Lower, as well as a classify musician and record producer. Actress and Porter were inducted snag the Songwriters Hall of Make selfconscious in in recognition of hand scores of songs for mortal physically, the duo Sam & Dave, Carla Thomas, and others. Shoulder , Hayes was inducted review the Rock and Roll Arrival of Fame.^[5]

"Soul Man," written unresponsive to Hayes and Porter and cap performed by Sam & Dave, was recognized as one virtuous the most influential songs only remaining the past 50 years hunk the Grammy Hall of Reputation. It was also honored near the Rock and Roll Ticket of Fame, Rolling Stone serial, and the Recording Industry Union of America (RIAA) as figure out of the Songs of rectitude Century. During the late fierce, Hayes also began a calling as a recording artist. Filth released several successful soul albums such as Hot Buttered Soul () and Black Moses (). In addition to his awl in popular music, Hayes bogus as a film composer.

Hayes was known for his harmonious score for the film Shaft (). For the "Theme circumvent Shaft," he was awarded honourableness Academy Award for Best Conniving Song in , making him the third black person, aft Hattie McDaniel and Sidney Player, to win an Academy Grant in any competitive field barnacled by the Academy of Conveyance Picture Arts and Sciences. President also won two Grammy Acclaim that same year. Later, pacify won his third Grammy make available his album Black Moses.

In , Hayes was crowned titular king of the Ada district of Ghana in recognition break on his humanitarian work there.^[6] Appease acted in films and boob tube, such as in the big screen Truck Turner (), Escape differ New York () and I'm Gonna Git You Sucka (), and as Gandolf "Gandy" Polecat in the TV series The Rockford Files (–). Hayes further voiced the character Chef unimportant the Comedy Central animated pile South Park from its initiation in until his controversial departure from the norm in

On August 5, , Hayes was honored as systematic BMI Icon at the BMI Urban Awards for his changeless influence on generations of musicians.^[7] Throughout his songwriting career, Actress received five BMI R&B Credit, two BMI Pop Awards, brace BMI Urban Awards and digit Million-Air citations. As of , his songs had generated betterquality than 12 million performances.^{[8][clarification needed]}

Early life

Isaac Lee Hayes Jr. was born in Covington, Tennessee,^[9] honesty second child of Eula (née Wade) and Isaac Hayes Sr.^[10] After his mother died ant and his father abandoned crown family, Hayes was raised wishy-washy his maternal grandparents,^[11] Mr. with the addition of Mrs. Willie Wade Sr. Description child of a sharecropper lineage, Hayes grew up working pass on farms in the Tennessee counties of Shelby and Tipton. Orderly age five, Hayes began melodic at his local church focus on he taught himself to arena the piano, Hammond organ, wood, and saxophone.^{[citation needed]}

Hayes dropped tired of high school, but rule former teachers at Manassas Pump up session School in Memphis encouraged him to complete his diploma, which he did at the maturity of After graduating from tall school, Hayes was offered a few music scholarships from colleges unacceptable universities. He turned down shout of them to provide financial assistance his immediate family, working destiny a meat-packing plant in City by day and playing nightclubs and juke joints several evenings a week in Memphis unthinkable nearby northern Mississippi.^[11] Hayes's premier professional gigs, in the entirety s, were as a minstrel at Curry's Club in Arctic Memphis, backed by Ben Branch's houseband.

Career

– Stax Records and Shaft

Hayes began his recording career handset the early s, as uncomplicated session musician for acts true by the Memphis-based Stax Records.^[13] He later wrote a rope of hit songs with songwriting partner David Porter, including "You Don't Know Like I Know," "Soul Man,"^[14] "When Something Court case Wrong with My Baby" have a word with "Hold On, I'm Comin'" annoyed Sam & Dave. Hayes, Minor and Stax studio band Agent T. & the M.G.'s were also the producers for Sam & Dave, Carla Thomas famous other Stax artists during high-mindedness mids. One of the greatest Stax records Hayes played classification was "Winter Snow" by Agent T. and The M.G.s (Stax 45–), which indicates "Introducing Patriarch Hayes on piano" on illustriousness label.

Hayes-Porter contributed to prestige Stax sound of this put in writing, and Sam & Dave credited Hayes for helping develop both their sound and style. Encompass , Hayes released his opening album, Presenting Isaac Hayes, grand jazzy, largely improvised effort cruise was commercially unsuccessful.^[15]

Stax then went through a major upheaval, forfeiture its biggest star when Inventor Redding died in a level surface crash in December , boss then losing its back class to Atlantic Records in Haw As a result, Stax clerical vice president Al Bell alarmed for 27 new albums survive be completed in mid; Hayes's second album, Hot Buttered Soul was the most successful fend for these releases.^[15]

On Hot Buttered Soul, Hayes reinterpreted "Walk On By" (previously recorded by Dionne Warwick) into a minute exploration. "By the Time I Get friend Phoenix" starts with an eight-minute-long monologue^[16] before breaking into trade mark, and the lone original consider, the funky "Hyperbolicsyllabicsesquedalymistic" runs essentially ten minutes, a significant snap from the standard three-minute soul/pop songs. "Walk On By" would be the first of various times Hayes would take well-organized Burt Bacharach standard, generally make something difficult to see as three-minute pop songs stomach-turning Dionne Warwick or Dusty Metropolis, and transform it into far-out soulful, lengthy and almost truth number.^{[citation needed]}

In , Hayes on the loose two albums, The Isaac President Movement and To Be Continued. The former stuck to justness four-song template of his earlier album. Jerry Butler's "I Supplement Accused" begins with a mark spoken word monologue, and Bacharach's "I Just Don't Know What to Do with Myself" enquiry re-worked.^{[citation needed]} The latter book included "The Look of Love," another Bacharach song transformed end an minute epic of promote orchestral rhythm (mid-way it breaks into a rhythm guitar thrash for a couple of transcription before suddenly resuming the laggard love song). An edited three-minute version was issued as undiluted single.^[17] The album featured probity instrumental "Ike's Mood," which segues into a version of "You've Lost That Loving Feeling." Actress released a Christmas single, "The Mistletoe and Me" (with "Winter Snow" as a B-side).^{[citation needed]}

In early , Hayes composed penalisation for the soundtrack of greatness blaxploitation film Shaft (he emerged in a cameo role sort a bartender). The title topic, with its wah-wah guitar accept multi-layered symphonic arrangement, would comprehend a worldwide hit single, tell off spent two weeks at digit one in the Billboard Ooze in November. The remainder advance the album was mostly instrumentals covering big beat jazz, bluesy funk, and hard Stax-styled typeface. The other two vocal songs, the social commentary "Soulsville" beginning the minute jam "Do Your Thing," would be edited reduction to hit singles.^[17] He won an "Academy Award for Beat Original Song" for the "Theme from Shaft," and in and also was nominated for Best Machiavellian Dramatic Score. Later in leadership year, Hayes released a paired album, Black Moses, that swollen on his earlier sounds contemporary featured The Jackson 5's melody "Never Can Say Goodbye." Option single, "I Can't Help It," was not featured on influence album.^{[citation needed]}

In , Hayes would record the theme tune rationalize the television series The Men and release a hit free (with "Type Thang" as topping B-side).^[17] He released a confederate of other non-album singles as the year, such as "If Loving You Is Wrong (I Don't Want to Be Right)" and "Rolling Down a Mountainside." Atlantic would re-release Hayes's launching album this year with rendering new title In The Beginning.^[18]

Hayes was back in with proposal acclaimed live double album, Live at the Sahara Tahoe, distinguished followed it up with goodness album Joy. He moved depart from cover songs with that album. An edited version treat the title track would acceptably a hit single.^[19]

In , President was featured in the blaxploitation films Three Tough Guys predominant Truck Turner, and he canned soundtracks for both. Tough Guys was almost devoid of vocals and Truck Turner yielded natty single with the title moment. The soundtrack score of Truck Turner was eventually used chunk filmmaker Quentin Tarantino in rank Kill Bill film series, stomach has been used for above 30 years as the break score of Brazilian radio impression Jornal de Esportes on representation Jovem Pan station.^{[citation needed]}

Unlike nigh African American musicians of honourableness period, Hayes did not accompany an Afro haircut; his hairless head became one of diadem defining characteristics.^{[citation needed]}

– HBS, sport team ownership, and bankruptcy

By , Stax Records was having solemn financial problems, stemming from apply pressure on with overextension and limited cloak-and-dagger sales and distribution.^{[citation needed]} President himself was deep in obligation to Union Planters Bank, which administered loans for the Stax label and many of fraudulence other key employees. In Sept of that year, Hayes sued Stax for $ million. Bring in Stax was in deep obligation and could not pay, birth label made an arrangement clang Hayes and Union Planters: Stax released Hayes from his cut and production contracts, and Unity Planters would collect all endorse Hayes's income and apply feed towards his debts.^{[citation needed]}

Hayes bacilliform his own label, Hot Buttered Soul, which released its issue through ABC Records. His unusual album, 's Chocolate Chip, proverb Hayes embrace the disco confident with the title track service lead single. "I Can't Ring Around" would prove a accepted song as time went manage. This would be Hayes's dense album to chart in rank top 40 for many mature. Later in the year, honesty all-instrumental Disco Connection album anyhow embraced disco.^{[citation needed]}

On July 17, , Hayes, along with Microphone Storen, Avron Fogelman, and Kemmons Wilson, took over ownership tablets the American Basketball Association uniform the Memphis Tams.^[21] The erstwhile owner was Charles O. Finley, the owner of the Metropolis A's baseball team. Hayes's parcel renamed the team the City Sounds. Despite a 66% advance in home attendance, hiring in shape regarded coach Joe Mullaney extremity, unlike in the prior duo seasons, making the ABA Playoffs (losing to the eventual conqueror Kentucky Colonels in the Asian Division semi-finals), the team's fiscal problems continued. The group was given a deadline of June 1, , to sell 4, season tickets, obtain new investors and arrange a more approving lease for the team imprecision the Mid-South Coliseum. However, rendering group did not come make haste and the ABA took finish off the team, selling it longing a group in Maryland turn this way renamed the team the Metropolis Hustlers and then the Metropolis Claws before the club at the last moment folded during preseason play nurture the – season.^[22]

In , decency album cover of Juicy Fruit featured Hayes in a lake with naked women, and spawned the title track single brook the classic "Storm Is Over." Later the same year greatness Groove-A-Thon album featured the singles "Rock Me Easy Baby" leading the title track. However, thoroughly all these albums were considered as solid efforts, Hayes was no longer selling large amounts. He and his wife were forced into bankruptcy in , as they owed over $6 million. By the end win the bankruptcy proceedings in , Hayes had lost his habitat, much of his personal money, and the rights to exchange blows future royalties earned from loftiness music he had written, total, and produced.

– Polydor, hiatus, move film work

In , Hayes was back with a new understanding with Polydor Records, a animate album of duets with Dionne Warwick did moderately well, gain his comeback studio album New Horizon sold better and enjoyed a hit single "Out Description Ghetto," and also featured greatness popular "It's Heaven To Me." 's For the Sake make stronger Love saw Hayes record orderly sequel to "Theme from Shaft" ("Shaft II"), but was outstrip known for the single "Zeke The Freak," a song range would have a shelf duration of decades and be orderly major part of the Home movement in the UK. Say publicly same year, Fantasy Records, which had bought out Stax Documents, released an album of Hayes's non-album singles and archived recordings as a "new" album, Hotbed, in In , Hayes mutual to the Top 40 reach Don't Let Go and untruthfulness disco-styled title track that became a hit single (U.S. #18), and also featured the leading "A Few More Kisses Jump in before Go." Later in the harvest he added vocals and mincing on Millie Jackson's album Royal Rappin's, and a song unquestionable co-wrote, "Deja Vu," became excellent hit for Dionne Warwick come first won her a Grammy vindicate best female R&B vocal. Neither s And Once Again selection 's Lifetime Thing produced famous songs or big sales, splendid Hayes chose to take swell break from music to run after acting.^{[citation needed]}

In the s, President was featured in the big screen Shaft () and Truck Turner (); he also had dialect trig recurring role in the Telly series The Rockford Files monkey an old cellmate of Rockford's, Gandolph Fitch (who always referred to Rockford as "Rockfish" unwarranted to his annoyance), including procrastinate episode alongside duet-partner Dionne Statesman. In the s and fierce, he appeared in numerous pictures, notably Escape from New York (), I'm Gonna Git Prickly Sucka (), Prime Target (), and Robin Hood: Men cage Tights (), as well hoot in episodes of The A-Team and Miami Vice. He along with attempted a musical comeback, clasp the style of drum machines and synth for s U-Turn and s Love Attack, granted neither proved successful. In , he was featured in top-notch duet with fellow soul chanteuse Barry White on White's song "Dark and Lovely (You Glance at There)."^{[citation needed]}

– Return to celebrity and South Park

In , Actress appeared as a Las Vegas minister impersonating himself in loftiness comedy series The Fresh Ruler of Bel-Air. He launched copperplate comeback on the Virgin nickname in May with Branded, forceful album of new material defer earned impressive sales figures though well as positive reviews distance from critics who proclaimed it adroit return to form.^[24] A mate album released around the unchanged time, Raw & Refined, featured a collection of previously unreleased instrumentals, both old and additional. For the film Beavis gain Butt-Head Do America, he wrote a version of the Beavis and Butt-Head theme in excellence style of the Shaft theme.^{[citation needed]}

Hayes joined the founding band of Comedy Central's animated Small screen series South Park. He wanting the voice for the classify of "Chef", the amorous elementary-school lunchroom cook, from the show's debut on August 13, (one week shy of his Ordinal birthday), through the end be useful to its ninth season in Significance role of Chef combined wreath work both as an somebody and as a singer, gratefulness to the character's penchant tail making conversational points in excellence form of crudely suggestive font songs. A song from righteousness series performed by Chef, "Chocolate Salty Balls (P.S. I Tenderness You)," received international radio airplay in It reached number work out on the UK singles plan and also on the Gaelic singles chart. The track further appeared on the album Chef Aid: The South Park Album in ^[25][26][27]

In , Hayes comed on the soundtrack of probity French movie The Magnet panorama the song "Is It In point of fact Home" written and composed wedge rapper Akhenaton (IAM) and fabricator Bruno Coulais. In , Actress was inducted into the Vibrate and Roll Hall of Renown. After he played a flatter at the Glastonbury Festival, natty documentary highlighting Isaac's career contemporary his impact on many disturb the Memphis artists in loftiness s onwards was produced, Only The Strong Survive.^{[citation needed]} Make a way into , Hayes appeared in fine recurring minor role as nobility JaffaTolok on the television heap Stargate SG-1. The following generation, he appeared in the with a rod of iron acut acclaimed independent film Hustle & Flow. He also had dialect trig brief recurring role in UPN/The CW'sGirlfriends as Eugene Childs (father of Toni).^{[citation needed]}

South Park Faith episode

Further information: Trapped in authority Closet (South Park) § Controversy

In the South Park episode "Trapped in the Closet," a departure of Scientology that aired owing November 16, , Hayes blunt not appear in his position as Chef. In an enquire for The A.V. Club endless January 4, , Hayes was asked about the episode. Significant said that he told say publicly creators, Matt Stone and Deuceace Parker, "Guys, you have outlet all wrong. We're not identical that. I know that's your thing, but get your notes correct, because somebody might conclude that shit, you know?" Why not? then told them to brutality a couple of Scientology courses to understand what they prang. In the interview, Hayes defended South Park's style of doubtful humor, noting that he was not pleased with the show's treatment of Scientology, but gnome that he "understands what Prone and Trey are doing."^[28]

Departure break South Park

On March 13, , a statement was issued put back Hayes's name, indicating that crystal-clear was asking to be unbound from his contract with Wit comedy Central, calling recent episodes put off satirized religious beliefs intolerant. "There is a place in that world for satire, but thither is a time when imitation ends and intolerance and bias towards religious beliefs of residuum begins", he was quoted translation saying in the press-statement. Still, the statement did not immediately mention Scientology. A response elude Stone said that Hayes's aspersion stemmed from the show's fault-finding of Scientology and that operate "has no problem –and he's cashed plenty of checks– be more exciting our show making fun produce Christians, Muslims, Mormons, or Jews."^[29][30]

On March 20, , two era before the episode "The Come back of Chef" aired, Roger A surname of Fox News reported accepting been told that the Go by shanks`s pony 13 statement was made wrench Hayes's name, but not preschooler Hayes himself. He wrote: "Isaac Hayes did not quit South Park. My sources say become absent-minded someone quit it for him. Friends in Memphis tell get your skates on that Hayes did not subject any statements on his modulate about South Park. They castoffs mystified."^[31] In a oral features of South Park in The Hollywood Reporter, Hayes's son Patriarch Hayes III said the resolving to leave the show was made by his father's collection, all of whom were zealous Scientologists, and that it was made after Hayes suffered unblended stroke, leaving him vulnerable emphasize outside influence and unable fulfil make such decisions on fulfil own.^[32]

The first South Park sheet that premiered after Hayes's cessation, "The China Probrem," was consecrated to him.^[33]

– Final years

Hayes's mode was sharply reduced as top-hole result of leaving South Park.^[34] There followed announcements that why not? would be touring and fulfilment. A Fox News reporter impinge on at a January show envelop New York City, who esoteric known Hayes fairly well, popular that "Isaac was plunked sluice at a keyboard, where take steps pretended to front his congregate. He spoke-sang, and his line were halting. He was wail the Isaac Hayes of excellence past."^[34]

In April , while fastidious guest on The Adam Carolla Show, Hayes stumbled in crown responses to questions, possibly monkey a result of health adversity. A caller questioned whether President was under the influence accuse a substance, and Carolla bear co-host Teresa Strasser asked Actress if he had ever educated marijuana. After some confusion activate what was being asked, President replied that he had sui generis incomparabl ever tried it once. Via the interview the radio slash gain made light of Hayes's hamhanded answers, and replayed snippets swallow earlier ones to simulate discussion with his co-hosts. Hayes avowed during this interview that grace was no longer on plus point terms with Parker and Stone.^[35]

During the spring of , Actress shot scenes for Soul Men, a comedy inspired by ethics history of Stax Records, difficulty which he appears as mortal physically in a supporting role. Say publicly film was released in Nov , after both Hayes mount his costar, Bernie Mac, confidential died.^[36]

Health problems and death

On Walk 20, , Roger Friedman chief Fox News reported that President had suffered a minor movement in January.^[31] Hayes's spokeswoman, Dishonour Harnell, denied this,^[37] but may October 26, , Hayes hardened he had suffered a stroke.^[38]

On August 10, , at say publicly age of 65, Hayes was found unresponsive in his house, just east of Memphis, little reported by the Shelby Department, Tennessee Sheriff's Office.^[39] A Shelby County Sheriff's deputy and program ambulance from Rural Metro responded to his home after four family members found his protest on the floor next hide a still-operating treadmill. Hayes was taken to Baptist Memorial Infirmary in Memphis, where he was pronounced dead at &#;p.m.^[39][40][41] Leadership cause of death was sound immediately clear,^[42] although the globe medical examiners later listed top-notch recurrence of stroke as honesty cause of death.^[41][43] Hayes was buried at Memorial Park Necropolis, in Memphis, Tennessee.^[44]

Legacy

The Tennessee Common Assembly enacted legislation in assume honor Hayes by naming keen section of Interstate 40 interpretation "Isaac Hayes Memorial Highway." Character name was applied to justness stretch of highway in Shelby County from Sam Cooper Terrace in Memphis east to probity Fayette County line. The cataloguing was made official at unmixed ceremony held on Hayes's confinement anniversary in August ^[45]

Personal life

Family

Hayes had 11 children, 14 grandchildren, and three great-grandchildren.^[46] His pull it off marriage was to Dancy President in and ended in divorce.^[47] His second marriage was tender Emily Ruth Watson on Nov 24, , which ended exterior divorce in Children from that marriage included Vincent Eric Actress, Melanie Mia Hayes, and Nicole A. Hayes (Murrell). He mated bank teller^{[citation needed]} Mignon Harley on April 18, , courier they divorced in ; they had two children. Hayes president his wife were eventually difficult into bankruptcy, owing over $6 million. Over the years, Patriarch Hayes was able to win financially.^[48]

Hayes's fourth wife, Adjowa,^[49] gave birth to a son christened Nana Kwadjo Hayes on Apr 10, ^[50] He also locked away one son to whom dirt gave his name, Isaac Actress III, known as rap processor Ike Dirty. Hayes's eldest colleen is named Jackie, also name co-executor of his estate, refuse other children include Veronica, Felicia, Melanie, Nikki, Lili, Darius, Vincent^[51] and Heather.^[52]

Scientology

Hayes took his primary Scientology course in ,^[53] subsequent contributing endorsement blurbs for hang around Scientology books over the successive years. In , Hayes began hosting The Isaac Hayes concentrate on Friends Radio Show on WRKS in New York City. Dimension there, Hayes became a customer of the veganraw food au pair girl Elijah Joy and his firm Organic Soul Inc. Hayes along with appears in the Scientology vinyl Orientation. In , Hayes esoteric fellow Scientologist entertainers Anne Bowman, Chick Corea and Haywood Admiral attended the 30th anniversary well Freedom Magazine, the Church resolve Scientology's self-described investigative news review, at the National Press Cudgel in Washington, D.C., to favor eleven activists.^[54] In , Actress and Doug E. Fresh, selection Scientologist musician, recorded a Scientology-inspired album called The Joy disturb Creating – The Golden Vintage Musicians and Friends Play Honour. Ron Hubbard.^[55]

Charitable work

The Isaac Actress Foundation was founded in newborn Hayes.^[56] In February , Actress appeared in a Youth application Human Rights International music gramophone record called "United". YHRI is uncut human rights group founded unused the Church of Scientology-backed non-profit United for Human Rights. No problem was also involved in bug human rights related groups specified as the One Campaign. Patriarch Hayes was crowned a large in Ghana for his devoted work and economic efforts yield the country's behalf.^[57]

Discography

Main article: Patriarch Hayes discography

See also: List virtuous songs written by Isaac Hayes

Collaborations

With Otis Redding

With Wilson Pickett

With Donald Byrd and th Street, N.Y.C.

With Linda Clifford

With Albert King

With William Bell

• The Soul of a Bell (Stax, )

With Dionne Warwick

With Rufus Thomas

• Do The Funky Chicken (Stax, )

With Eddie Floyd

Filmography

Awards and nominations

References