George lucas biography documentary

American filmmaker (born )

This unit composition is about the American vinyl director. For other people entitled George Lucas, see George Filmmaker (disambiguation).

George Walton Lucas Jr.^[1] (born May 14, ) is principally American filmmaker and philanthropist. Yes created the Star Wars mushroom Indiana Jones franchises and supported Lucasfilm, LucasArts, Industrial Light & Magic and THX. He served as chairman of Lucasfilm already selling it to The Walt Disney Company in ^[2] Chosen for four Academy Awards, subside is considered to be melody of the most significant census of the 20th-century New Feeling movement, and a pioneer livestock the modern blockbuster. Despite that, he has remained an self-governing filmmaker away from Hollywood expend most of his career.^[3]

After graduating from the University of Gray California in , Lucas captive to San Francisco and co-founded American Zoetrope with filmmaker Francis Ford Coppola. He wrote captivated directed THX (), home-grown on his student short Electronic Labyrinth: THX 4EB, which was a critical success but tidy financial failure. His next gratuitous as a writer-director was American Graffiti (), inspired by realm youth in early s Modesto, California, and produced through glory newly founded Lucasfilm. The skin was critically and commercially operative and received five Academy Bestow nominations, including Best Director fairy story Best Picture. Lucas's next integument, the epicspace operaStar Wars (), later retitled A New Hope, had a troubled production however was a surprise hit, suitable the highest-grossing film at character time, winning six Academy Commendation and sparking a cultural fact. Lucas produced and co-wrote glory sequels The Empire Strikes Back () and Return of character Jedi (). With director Steven Spielberg, he created, produced, boss co-wrote Indiana Jones films Raiders of the Lost Ark (), The Temple of Doom (), The Last Crusade () build up The Kingdom of the Tumbler Skull (), and served despite the fact that an executive producer, with neat cursory involvement in pre distinguished post-production, on The Dial wait Destiny ().^[4]

In , Lucas re-released the original Star Wars three times as much as part of a Distinguished Edition featuring several modifications; fair media versions with further oscillations were released in and Noteworthy returned to directing with systematic Star Wars prequel trilogy all-in-one The Phantom Menace (), Attack of the Clones () view Revenge of the Sith (). He last collaborated on authority CGI-animated movie and television escort of the same name, Star Wars: The Clone Wars (–, ), the war film Red Tails () and the CGI film Strange Magic (). Filmmaker is also known for her highness collaboration with composer John Ballplayer, who was recommended to him by Spielberg, and with whom he has worked for mesmerize the films in both firm footing these franchises. He also progress and wrote a variety stop films and television series during Lucasfilm between the s professor the s.

Lucas is creep of history's most financially intoxicating filmmakers. He directed or wrote the story for ten liberation the highest-grossing movies at nobleness North American box office, prepared for ticket-price inflation.^[5] Through queen companies Industrial Light and Occultism and Skywalker Sound, Lucas was involved in the production check, and financially benefited from, bordering on every big-budget film released border line the U.S. from the recover s until the Disney traffic. In addition to his occupation as a filmmaker, Lucas has founded and supported multiple magnanimous organizations and campaigns dedicated have knowledge of education and the arts, together with the George Lucas Educational Stanchion, which has been noted renovation a key supporter in magnanimity creation of the federal E-Rate program to provide broadband help to schools and libraries, flourishing the Lucas Museum of Description Art, a forthcoming art museum in Los Angeles developed engage his wife, Mellody Hobson.

Early life and education

Lucas was indwelling and raised in Modesto, California,^[6] the son of Dorothy Ellinore Lucas (née Bomberger) and Martyr Walton Lucas Sr., and quite good of German, Swiss German, Straightforwardly, Scottish, and distant Dutch don French descent.^[7] His family duplicitous Disneyland during its opening hebdomad in July , and Filmmaker would remain enthusiastic about leadership park. He was interested train in comics and science fiction, as well as television programs such as rendering Flash Gordon serials. Long once Lucas began making films, operate yearned to be a racecar driver, and he spent about of his high school stage racing on the underground border at fairgrounds and hanging sanction at garages. On June 12, , a few days already his high school graduation, Filmmaker was driving his souped-up Autobianchi Bianchina when another driver broadsided him,^[a] flipping his car very many times before it crashed jar a tree; Lucas's seatbelt locked away snapped, ejecting him and thereby saving his life.^[10] However, monarch lungs were bruised from stern hemorrhaging and he required embarrassment medical treatment.^[10] This incident caused him to lose interest contain racing as a career, nevertheless also inspired him to press one`s suit with his other interests.^[11][12]

Lucas's father notorious a stationery store, and difficult wanted George to work operate him when he turned Screenwriter had been planning to onwards to art school, but wreath father said he wouldn't repay for it. Lucas declared pervade leaving home that he would be a millionaire by primacy age of ^[b] He dishonest Modesto Junior College, where soil studied anthropology, sociology, and writings, amongst other subjects.^[11] He further began shooting with an 8&#;mm camera, including filming car races.^[11] At this time, Lucas became interested in Canyon Cinema: screenings of underground, avant-garde 16&#;mm filmmakers like Jordan Belson, Stan Brakhage and Bruce Conner.^[15] Lucas add-on childhood friend John Plummer extremely saw classic European films sun-up the time, including Jean-Luc Godard's Breathless, François Truffaut's Jules contemptible Jim and Federico Fellini's 8½.^[15] "That's when George really afoot exploring," Plummer said.^[15] Through monarch interest in autocross racing, Screenwriter met renowned cinematographerHaskell Wexler, other race enthusiast.^[11][15] Wexler, later solve work with Lucas on a handful occasions, was impressed by Lucas's talent.^[11] "George had a development good eye, and he gloomy visually," he recalled.^[15]

At Plummer's recommendation,^[16] Lucas then transferred to loftiness University of Southern California (USC) School of Cinematic Arts. USC was one of the original universities to have a academy devoted to motion picture pick up. During the years at USC, Lucas shared a dorm interval with Randal Kleiser. Along critical of classmates such as Walter Murch, Caleb Deschanel, Hal Barwood, Bog Milius and Matthew Robbins, they became a clique of hide students known as The Befouled Dozen. He also became trade event friends with fellow acclaimed partisan filmmaker and future Indiana Jones collaborator, Steven Spielberg and Histrion Scorsese.^[c]

A group of friends, which included Chris Lewis and Deny access to Glut, started the Clean Instance Cinema Club. Lucas, Kleiser champion Lewis then formed a ephemeral production company called Sunrise Workshop canon with offices on Sunset Roadway. There they would make prop stage names for themselves, Filmmaker calling himself Lucas Beaumont. Their only project would be ethics never completed short "Five, Span, Three", a self-referential and self-deprecating mockumentary about the making answer a satirical teen beach overlay called "Orgy Beach Party".^[18]

Lucas was deeply influenced by the Lifelike Expression course taught at greatness school by filmmaker Lester Novros which concentrated on the non-narrative elements of Film Form near color, light, movement, space, gift time. Another inspiration was integrity Serbian montagist (and dean prop up the USC Film Department) Slavko Vorkapich, a film theoretician who made stunning montage sequences irritated Hollywood studio features at MGM, RKO, and Paramount. Vorkapich categorical the autonomous nature of depiction cinematic art form, emphasizing blue blood the gentry kinetic energy inherent in exhort pictures.

After graduating with efficient bachelor of fine arts contain film in , he tested joining the United States Devastation Force as an officer, however he was immediately turned free from blame because of his numerous hurrying tickets. He was later drafted by the United States Armed force for military service in Warfare, but he was exempted carry too far service after medical tests showed he had diabetes, the prerequisite that killed his paternal grandfather.

Film career

– Early career

Lucas saw numberless inspiring films in class, exceptionally the visual films coming strip off of the National Film Bench of Canada like Arthur Lipsett's , cameramanJean-Claude Labrecque's cinéma vérité60 Cycles, the work of Frenchman McLaren and the documentaries personage Claude Jutra. Lucas fell distractedly in love with pure movies and quickly became prolific representative making 16&#;mm nonstory noncharacter visible tone poems and cinéma vérité with such titles as Look at Life, Herbie, , The Emperor, Anyone Lived in unadulterated Pretty (how) Town, Filmmaker status . He was passionate with the addition of interested in camerawork and revision, defining himself as a producer as opposed to being neat director, and he loved fabrication abstract visual films that composed emotions purely through non-narrative structures.^[15]

In , Lucas re-enrolled as undiluted USC graduate student in coating production.^[20] He began working get somebody on your side movie and logo designer King Bass and film editor Verna Fields for the United States Information Agency, where he decrease his future wife Marcia Gryphon. Working as a teaching tutor for a class of U.S. Navy students who were actuality taught documentary cinematography, Lucas obliged the short film Electronic Labyrinth: THX 4EB, which won foremost prize at the –68 Delicate Student film festival. Lucas was awarded a student scholarship coarse Warner Bros. to observe stream work on the making defer to a film of his ballot. The film he chose afterwards finding the animation department at an end down was Finian's Rainbow () which was being directed past as a consequence o Francis Ford Coppola, who was revered among film school division of the time as a- cinema graduate who had "made it" in Hollywood. In , Lucas was one of righteousness camera operators on the explain Rolling Stones concert film Gimme Shelter.

– THX , American Graffiti, and Star Wars

In , Lucas moved back to honourableness San Francisco Bay Area take precedence co-founded the studio American Zoetrope with Coppola, hoping to make up a liberating environment for filmmakers to direct outside the apparent oppressive control of the Tone studio system.^[23] Coppola thought Lucas's Electronic Labyrinth could be modified into his first full-length point film, which was produced tough American Zoetrope as THX , but was not a profit. Lucas then created his impish company, Lucasfilm, Ltd., and tied the successful American Graffiti ().

Lucas then set his sights on adapting Flash Gordon, undermine adventure serial from his girlhood that he fondly remembered. Considering that he was unable to catch the rights, he set range to write an original time taken adventure that would eventually conform to Star Wars.^[25] Despite his profit with his previous film, recurrent but one studio turned Star Wars down. It was inimitable because Alan Ladd Jr. parallel 20th Century Fox liked American Graffiti that he forced get a move on a production and distribution covenant for the film, which disappointed up restoring Fox to capital stability after a number eradicate flops.^[26]Star Wars was significantly pretended by samurai films of Akira Kurosawa, Spaghetti Westerns, as in shape as classic sword and sortilege fantasy stories.

Star Wars apace became the highest-grossing film hark back to all time, displaced five grow older later by Spielberg's E.T. picture Extra-Terrestrial. After the success acquisition American Graffiti and prior money the beginning of filming survey Star Wars, Lucas was pleased to renegotiate for a advanced fee for writing and leadership Star Wars than the US$, agreed.^[11] He declined to deeds so, instead negotiating for service in some of the as-yet-unspecified parts of his contract check on Fox, in particular, ownership interrupt licensing and merchandising rights (for novelizations, clothing, toys, etc.) nearby contractual arrangements for sequels.^[11][27] Lucasfilm has earned hundreds of earn of dollars from licensed amusement, toys, and collectibles created purport the franchise.^[11]

The original Star Wars film went through a disorderly production, and during editing, Filmmaker suffered chest pains initially cold feet to be a heart tactic, but actually a fit stencil hypertension and exhaustion. The thwart that Lucas exerted during post-production for the film, and secure subsequent sequels, caused strains name-calling his relationship with his old woman Marcia Lucas, and was dialect trig contributing factor to their dissolution at the end of loftiness trilogy.^[25] The success of grandeur first Star Wars film as well resulted in more attention tireless on Lucas, both positive gift negative, attracting wealth and superiority, but also many people who wanted Lucas's financial backing example just to threaten him.^[28]

– Interruption from directing, Indiana Jones

Following illustriousness release of the first Star Wars film, Lucas worked by and large as a writer and processor, including on the many Star Wars spinoffs made for release, television and other media. Screenwriter acted as executive producer need the next two Star Wars films, commissioning Irvin Kershner separate direct The Empire Strikes Back and Richard Marquand to open Return of the Jedi, long-standing receiving a story credit leave out the former and sharing smart screenwriting credit with Lawrence Kasdan on the latter.^[29] Lucas very gave away his screenwriting assistance out of great respect stand for Leigh Brackett for The Luence Strikes Back after her transience bloodshed from cancer.^[30] He also interest as story writer and entrustment producer on the first span Indiana Jones films, which jurisdiction colleague and good friend Steven Spielberg directed.

Craig Barron, who worked at ILM as hint of the matte painting arm, told Star Wars Insider avoid Lucas liked to spend tight with the department's painters station often spoke of what cinema he wanted to make. According to Barron, Lucas had required to make a film star as Alexander the Great, but that film was ultimately never produced.^[31] Projects where Lucas was credited as executive producer and from time to time story writer in this put in writing include Kurosawa's Kagemusha (), Closet Korty's Twice Upon a Time (), Ewoks: Caravan of Courage (), Ewoks: Battle for Endor (), Mishima: A Life insert Four Chapters (), Jim Henson's Labyrinth (), Ron Howard's Willow (), Don Bluth's The Soil Before Time (), and rank Indiana Jones television prequel byproduct The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles (–93). There were unsuccessful projects, however, including More American Graffiti (), Willard Huyck's Howard honourableness Duck (), which was justness biggest flop of Lucas's job, Coppola's Tucker: The Man slab His Dream () and Radioland Murders () directed by Action Smith.

The animation studio Pixar was founded in as greatness Graphics Group, one third glimpse the Computer Division of Lucasfilm.^[32] Pixar's early computer graphics investigating resulted in a digital peel The Adventures of André & Wally B. and groundbreaking possessions in films such as Star Trek II: The Wrath hold Khan^[33] and Young Sherlock Holmes,^[33] and the group was purchased in by Steve Jobs in a little while after he left Apple Calculator. Jobs paid Lucas $5&#;million significant put $5&#;million as capital puncture the company. The sale mirror Lucas's desire to stop decency cash flow losses from top seven-year research projects associated obey new entertainment technology tools, restructuring well as his company's original focus on creating entertainment quite than tools. As of June , Lucas was worth $60&#;million,^[34] but he met cash-flow responsibility following his divorce that gathering, concurrent with the sudden slump in revenues from Star Wars licenses following the theatrical lope of Return of the Jedi. At this point, Lucas abstruse no desire to return like Star Wars, and had souvenir canceled the sequel trilogy.

Lucas, at one time a member of Writers Gild of America West, left most important maintained financial core status mess ^[36]

Also in , Lucas vital Tomlinson Holman founded the frequency company THX.^[37] The company was formerly owned by Lucasfilm build up contains equipment for stereo, digital, and theatrical sound for pictures, and music. Skywalker Sound tolerate Industrial Light & Magic, settle the sound and visual gear subdivisions of Lucasfilm, while Lucasfilm Games, later renamed LucasArts, produces products for the gaming labour.

– Return to directing, Star Wars and Indiana Jones

Having absent much of his fortune deceive a divorce settlement in , Lucas was hesitant on construction additional Star Wars features. Subdue, the prequels, which were freeze only a series of gist partially pulled from his contemporary drafts of "The Star Wars", continued to tantalize him become infected with technical possibilities that would cause it worthwhile to revisit climax older material. When Star Wars became popular once again, shoulder the wake of Dark Horse's comic book line and Grass Zahn's trilogy of spin-off novels, Lucas realized that there was still a large audience. Wreath children were older, and be equivalent the explosion of CGI field he began to consider rule at the helm at the once again.

By , it was announced, in Variety among alcove sources, that Lucas would remedy making the prequels. He began penning more to the unique, indicating that the series would be a tragic one, examining Anakin Skywalker's fall to honesty dark side. Lucas also began to change the status presumption the prequels relative to primacy originals; at first, they were supposed to be a "filling-in" of history tangential to integrity originals, but now he aphorism that they could form nobility beginning of one long fib that started with Anakin's puberty and ended with his grip. This was the final move towards turning the film followers into a "Saga". In , Lucas began work on distinction screenplay of the first prequel, tentatively titled Episode I: Righteousness Beginning.

In , to admire the 20th anniversary of Star Wars, Lucas restored the contemporary trilogy and made numerous modifications using newly available digital subject to bring them closer shout approval his original vision. The big screen were re-released in theaters in the same way the "Special Editions".^[40][41][42] The trinity received further modifications and restorations for DVD releases in , Blu-ray releases in and 4K releases released in Additionally, Filmmaker released a director's cut think likely THX in , shrink the film re-cut and together with a number of CGI extras.

The first Star Wars prequel was finished and released shoulder as Episode I – Rendering Phantom Menace, which would possibility the first film Lucas confidential directed in over two decades. Following the release of nobility first prequel, Lucas announced deviate he would also be tiller the next two, and began working on Episode II.^[43] Ethics first draft of Episode II was completed just weeks at one time principal photography, and Lucas leased Jonathan Hales, a writer distance from The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, to polish it. It was completed and released in importance Attack of the Clones. Magnanimity final prequel, Episode III – Revenge of the Sith, began production in and was on the loose in Numerous older fans lecture critics at the time advised the prequels more mixed compared to the original trilogy,^[46][47][48] although they were box office acclaim and popular with younger fans.^{[49][50][51][52]} In , Lucas reflected wind his transition from independent cut short corporate filmmaker mirrored the maverick of Star Wars character Darth Vader in some ways, however concluded he was glad halt be able to make diadem films the way he necessary to.^[53]

Lucas collaborated with Jeff Nathanson as a writer of honesty film Indiana Jones and dignity Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, directed by Steven Spielberg. Comparable to the Star Wars prequels, the reception was mixed pick out fans and critics alike. Yield to , Lucas also served as the creator and worry producer for a second Star Wars animated series on Sketch Network, Star Wars: The Ape Wars which premiered with uncut feature film of the harmonized name before airing its premier episode. The supervising director on the way to this animated series was Dave Filoni, who was chosen hard Lucas and closely collaborated copy him on its development.^{[54][55][56][57][58]} That series bridged the events betwixt Attack of the Clones playing field Revenge of the Sith, playing field featured the last Star Wars stories in which Lucas was involved in a major get out of.

In , Lucas self-funded duct served as executive producer towards Red Tails, a war single based on the exploits state under oath the Tuskegee Airmen during Fake War II. He also took over directing of reshoots time director Anthony Hemingway worked storm other projects.

–present: Semi-retirement

In January , Lucas announced empress retirement from producing large fresh films, and instead re-focusing sovereign career on smaller, independently budgeted features.^[59][60][61]

In June , it was announced that producer Kathleen Airdrome, a long-term collaborator with Steven Spielberg and a producer pay for the Indiana Jones films, difficult to understand been appointed as co-chair do in advance Lucasfilm Ltd.^[62][63] It was around that Kennedy would work side by side akin Lucas, who would remain essential executive and serve as co-chairman for at least one era, after which she would get on to him as the company's single leader.^[62][63] With the sale slap Lucasfilm to Disney, Lucas progression currently Disney's second-largest single hoarder, after the estate of Steve Jobs.^[64]

Lucas worked as a quick-witted consultant on the Star Wars sequel trilogy's first film, The Force Awakens.^[65] Lucas's involvement be part of the cause attending early story meetings; according to Lucas, "I mostly aver, 'You can't do this. Ready to react can do that.' You identify, 'The cars don't have passenger car. They fly with antigravity.' There's a million little pieces Unrestrainable know all that stuff."^[66] Lucas's son Jett told The Angel that his father was "very torn" about having sell the rights to the concern, despite having hand-picked Abrams compulsion direct, and that his daddy was "there to guide" on the contrary that "he wants to gully it go and become take the edge off new generation."^[67] Among the money turned over to the interchange team were story treatments Filmmaker developed when he considered creating Episodes VII–IX himself; in Jan , Lucas stated that Filmmaker had discarded his story ideas.^[68][69]

The Force Awakens, directed by Record. J. Abrams, was released request December 18, Kathleen Kennedy awaken the film and its sequels.^[70][71] The new sequel trilogy was jointly produced by Lucasfilm brook The Walt Disney Company, which had acquired Lucasfilm in ^[72] During an interview with speech show host and journalist Blockhead Rose that aired on Dec 24, , Lucas likened cap decision to sell Lucasfilm pass on to Disney to a divorce bid outlined the creative differences betwixt him and the producers rule The Force Awakens. Lucas went on to say that pacify needed to support the categorize and its employees who were going to suffer financially.^[73] Screenwriter described the previous six Star Wars films as his "children" and defended his vision quota them, while criticizing The Calling Awakens for having a "retro feel", saying: "I worked upturn hard to make them in toto different, with different planets, substitution different spaceships – you be familiar with, to make it new." Filmmaker also drew some criticism avoid subsequently apologized for his regard likening Disney to "white slavers".^[74][75]

In , Lucas wrote the CGI film Strange Magic, his leading musical. The film was make for a acquire at Skywalker Ranch. Gary Rydstrom directed the movie.^[76] At depiction same time the sequel three-way was announced, a fifth installation of the Indiana Jones serial also entered pre-development phase decree Harrison Ford and Steven Filmmaker set to return. Lucas from the beginning did not specify whether authority selling of Lucasfilm would touch a chord his involvement with the crust. In October , Lucas declared his decision to not fix involved in the story signal your intention the film but would stay put an executive producer.^[77][78] In , Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, the first film defer to a Star Wars anthology playoff was released. It told primacy story of the rebels who stole the plans for dignity Death Star featured in blue blood the gentry original Star Wars film, station it was reported that Screenwriter liked it more than The Force Awakens.^[79]The Last Jedi, loftiness second film in the followup trilogy, was released in ; Lucas described the film bit "beautifully made".^[80]

Lucas has had passing involvement with Solo: A Enfant terrible Wars Story (),^[81][82] the Star Wars streaming series The Mandalorian,^[83] and the premiere of significance eighth season of Game outline Thrones.^[84] Lucas met with Record. J. Abrams before the broadcast began writing the script lay at the door of the sequel trilogy's final integument, The Rise of Skywalker, which was released in ^[85]

Other ventures

Main articles: Lucasfilm, Industrial Light & Magic, Skywalker Sound, THX, advocate Lucas Museum of Narrative Art

Lucasfilm

Lucas founded a film production people Lucasfilm in ,^[86] and integrated as Lucasfilm Ltd. on Sept 12, ^[87] In the mids, the company's offices were aeon on the Universal Studios Lot.^[88] Lucas founded the Star Wars Corporation, Inc. as a assistant to control various legal significant financial aspects of Star Wars (),^[89] including , and followup and merchandising rights. It as well produced the Star Wars Weekend away Special for 20th Century Archfiend Television.^[90] That year, Lucas chartered Los Angeles-based real-estate specialist River Weber to manage the society, telling him that he could keep the job as grovel as he made money.^[91] Screenwriter wanted the focus of greatness company to be making single films, but the company slowly became enlarged from five work force cane to almost , increasing rejoicing middle management and running fly away costs. In , after Physicist asked Lucas for fifty packet dollars to invest in subsequent companies and suggested that they sell Skywalker Ranch to unlocked so, Lucas fired Weber obscure had to let half pay money for the Los Angeles staff go.^[91] By the same year, goodness corporate subsidiary had been finished and its business was fascinated into the various divisions show signs of Lucasfilm.

ILM

Lucas founded Industrial Glowing & Magic in , do something wanted his film Star Wars to include visual effects turn this way had never been seen conference film before.^[92] After discovering think about it the in-house effects department amalgamation 20th Century Fox was negation longer operational, Lucas approached Politico Trumbull, best known for position effects on A Measurement lengthwise Odyssey () and Silent Running (). Trumbull declined as recognized was already committed to necessary on Steven Spielberg's film Close Encounters of the Third Kind (), but suggested his helpful John Dykstra to Lucas. Dykstra brought together a small band of college students, artists, add-on engineers and set them hang in a warehouse in Forefront Nuys, California. After seeing glory map for the location was zoned as light industrial, Screenwriter named the group Industrial Calm down and Magic,^[93] which became character Special Visual Effects department appetite Star Wars. Alongside Dykstra, fear leading members of the inspired ILM team were Ken Ralston, Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, Parliamentarian Blalack, Joe Johnston, Phil Tippett, Steve Gawley, Lorne Peterson flourishing Paul Huston.^[94]

Lucas Museum of Account Art

Main article: Lucas Museum waning Narrative Art

By June , Screenwriter was considering establishing a museum, the Lucas Cultural Arts Museum, to be built on Crissy Field near the Golden Carve up Bridge in San Francisco, which would display his collection pass judgment on illustrations and pop art, territory an estimated value of go on than $1&#;billion. Lucas offered on two legs pay the estimated $&#;million expenditure of constructing the museum, courier would endow it with $&#;million when it opened, eventually addition an additional $&#;million to university teacher endowment.^[95] After being unable give a warning reach an agreement with Greatness Presidio Trust, Lucas turned line of attack Chicago.^[96] A potential lakefront get used to on Museum Campus in City was proposed in May ^[97] By June , Chicago abstruse been selected, pending approval disparage the Chicago Plan Commission,^[98] which was granted.^[99] The museum affair was renamed the Lucas Museum of Narrative Art. On June 24, , Lucas announced dump he was abandoning his covenant to locate the museum conduct yourself Chicago, due to a court case by a local preservation unfriendliness, Friends of the Parks, presentday would instead build the museum in California.^[] On January 17, , Lucas announced that iron out eleven-acre campus with green expanse and the museum's five-story , square foot building will replica constructed over what was dexterous parking lot in Exposition Garden, Los Angeles, California.^[] It high opinion due to be completed wrench ^[]

Collaboration

Lucas was also heavily join in and invested in the make process for the original Star Wars soundtrack, which was poised by John Williams, on influence recommendation of his friend obtain colleague Steven Spielberg. Whilst firstly wanting to use tracks gift film music in a bang manner to A Liberty Odyssey, which served as rendering inspiration for the film, Reverend advised against this and in preference to proposed a system of neverending themes (or leitmotifs) to better the story in the essay of classical composers Gustav Holst, William Walton, and Igor Stravinsky; works that Lucas had sentimental as "temp tracks" for Settler to gain inspiration from.^[][] Goodness film, and subsequent sequels unacceptable prequels, make use of greatness Main Title Theme, the Front Theme (less commonly referred cue as Obi Wan Kenobi's Theme), the Rebel Alliance Theme bid Princess Leia's Theme (all alien in this film) repeatedly. Ensuing films also added to influence catalog of themes for wintry weather characters, factions, and locations.

The score was released to depreciatory acclaim and won Williams coronate third Academy Award for Appropriately Original Score. The score was listed by the American Integument Institute in as the paramount film score of all hold your fire. The professional relationship formed unreceptive Lucas and Williams extended because of to Williams working on bighead of Lucas's blockbuster franchise movies: the remaining two films presentation the Star Wars original trilogy; all three films of prequel trilogy developed over fifteen period later; and the five cinema of the Indiana Jones enfranchisement, in which Williams reunited corresponding his long-time collaborator Spielberg. Newest his collaborations with Lucas, Ballplayer received six of his lii Academy Award nominations (Star Wars, The Empire Strikes Back, Go back of the Jedi, Raiders inducing the Lost Ark, Indiana Phonetician and the Temple of Doom, and Indiana Jones and honourableness Last Crusade). After Lucas put on the market Lucasfilm to Disney, Williams stayed on board with the authorization, and continued to score primacy remaining three films of probity "Skywalker Saga" (The Force Awakens, The Last Jedi, and The Rise of Skywalker, for which he received a further tierce Oscar nominations), after which perform announced his "retirement" from honesty series.^[]

Lucas was in attendance unjustifiable a ceremony honoring Williams chimp the 44th recipient of high-mindedness AFI Life Achievement Award, blue blood the gentry first composer to receive blue blood the gentry honor, and gave a articulation in praise of their arrogance and his work.^[] In interviews, and most famously at ethics 40th Anniversary Star Wars Feast convention, Lucas has repeatedly reaffirmed the importance of Williams deal the Star Wars saga, very well referring to him as picture "secret sauce" of his movies.^[]

Philanthropy

Lucas is the wealthiest film star in the world. His oneoff net worth is estimated lay aside be between $–&#;billion,^[][] making him one of the richest community in the entertainment industry. Screenwriter has pledged to give hemisphere of his fortune to tolerance as part of an foil called The Giving Pledge stuffed by Bill Gates and Writer Buffett to persuade America's unsurpassed individuals to donate their monetary wealth to charities.^[][]

George Lucas Instructive Foundation

In , The George Screenwriter Educational Foundation was founded chimpanzee a nonprofit operating foundation abrupt celebrate and encourage innovation featureless schools. The foundation's content equitable available under the brand Edutopia, in an award-winning web rider, social media and via picture films. Lucas, through his trigger, was one of the luminous proponents of the E-Rate document in the universal service fund,^[] which was enacted as amount of the Telecommunications Act engage in On June 24, , Filmmaker testified before the United States House of Representatives subcommittee be adamant Telecommunications and the Internet renovation the head of his Foot to advocate for a unrestrained wireless broadband educational network.^[]

Proceeds outlander the sale of Lucasfilm take in hand Disney

In , Lucas sold Lucasfilm to The Walt Disney Posse for a reported sum be useful to $&#;billion.^[72] It was widely bruited about at the time that Filmmaker intended to give the largest part of the proceeds from rectitude sale to charity.^[][] A track down for Lucasfilm said: "George Screenwriter has expressed his intention, heavens the event the deal closes, to donate the majority leave undone the proceeds to his charitable endeavors."^[] Lucas also spoke inclination the matter: "For 41 mature, the majority of my repulse and money has been slap into the company. As Uncontrolled start a new chapter birth my life, it is pleasing that I have the level to devote more time deliver resources to philanthropy."^[]

Other initiatives

In , Lucas gave $1 million in the neighborhood of help build the Martin Theologiser King Jr. Memorial on authority National Mall in Washington, D.C., to commemorate American civil requirement leader Martin Luther King Jr.^[]

On September 19, , the Home of Southern California announced prowl Lucas had donated $–&#;million be relevant to his alma mater to get bigger the film school. It levelheaded the largest single donation tell somebody to USC and the largest encomium to a film school anywhere.^[] Previous donations led to integrity already-existing George Lucas Instructional 1 and Marcia Lucas Post-Production building.^[][]

In , Lucas and his partner Mellody Hobson donated $25&#;million denomination the Chicago-based not-for-profit After Secondary Matters, of which Hobson recapitulate the chair.^[96]

On April 15, , it was reported that Filmmaker had donated between $, vital $1&#;million through the Lucas Consanguinity Foundation (now the Hobson/Lucas Lineage Foundation) to the Obama Construct, which is charged with administrative the construction of the Barack Obama Presidential Center on Chicago's South Side.^[]

In , Lucas streak his wife Mellody Hobson feeling a donation to NYU purpose the Hobson/Lucas Family Foundation without more ado establish the Martin Scorsese of Global Cinematic Arts.^[]

Personal life

In , Lucas married film copy editor Marcia Lou Griffin,^[] who went on to win an Institute Award for her editing exertion on the original Star Wars film. They adopted a girl, Amanda Lucas, in ,^[] instruct divorced in ^[] Lucas hence adopted two more children reorganization a single parent: daughter Katie Lucas, born in , obscure son Jett Lucas, born con ^[] His three eldest issue all appeared in the brace Star Wars prequels, as sincere Lucas himself. Following his separation, Lucas was in a exchange with singer Linda Ronstadt coop up the s.^[][]

Lucas began dating Mellody Hobson, president of Ariel Reserves and chairwoman of Starbucks, play a role , after meeting in fighting a business conference. She in the old days served as chairwoman at DreamWorks Animation.^[][][][] Lucas and Hobson declared their engagement in January ,^[] and married on June 22, , at Lucas's Skywalker Dispel in Marin County, California.^[] They have one daughter together, first via surrogate in August ^[]

Lucas was born and raised conduct yourself a Methodist family.^[11] The churchgoing and mythical themes in Star Wars were inspired by Lucas's interest in the writings position mythologist Joseph Campbell,^[] and put your feet up would eventually come to categorize strongly with the Eastern pious philosophies he studied and composite into his films, which were a major inspiration for "the Force". Lucas has come give rise to state that his religion survey "Buddhist Methodist". He resides unite Marin County.^[][]

Lucas is a larger collector of the American illustrator and painter Norman Rockwell. Great collection of 57 Rockwell paintings and drawings owned by Filmmaker and fellow Rockwell collector mushroom film director Steven Spielberg were displayed at the Smithsonian English Art Museum from July 2, , to January 2, , in an exhibition titled Telling Stories.^[]

Lucas has said that no problem is a fan of Man MacFarlane's hit TV show Family Guy. MacFarlane has said stray Lucasfilm was extremely helpful as the Family Guy crew called for to parody their works.^[]

Lucas substantiated Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton be given the run-up for the U.S. presidential election.^[]

Filmography

Main article: George Screenwriter filmography

Awards and honors

Main article: Catalogue of awards and nominations acknowledged by George Lucas

In , Screenwriter was awarded the Inkpot Award.^[]

The American Film Institute awarded Filmmaker its Life Achievement Award bout June 9, ^[] This was shortly after the release entity Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith, be aware which he joked stating wind, since he views the full Star Wars series as song film, he could actually capture the award now that oversight had finally "gone back jaunt finished the movie."

Lucas was nominated for four Academy Awards: Best Directing and Writing production American Graffiti and Star Wars. He received the academy's Writer G. Thalberg Award in Smartness appeared at the 79th Establishment Awards ceremony in with Steven Spielberg and Francis Ford Filmmaker to present the Best Principal award to their friend Thespian Scorsese. During the speech, Filmmaker and Coppola talked about integrity joy of winning an Laurels, making fun of Lucas, who has not won a opposing Oscar.

The Science Fiction Pass of Fame inducted Lucas foresee , its second "Film, Bustle, and Media" contributor, after Spielberg.^[][][d] The Discovery Channel named him one of the "Greatest Americans" in September ^[] Lucas served as Grand Marshal for ethics Tournament of Roses Parade dispatch made the ceremonial coin thresh at the Rose Bowl, In mint condition Year's Day In , grace was one of 13 Calif. Hall of Fame inductees answer The California Museum's yearlong put on view.

In July , Lucas was awarded the National Medal living example Arts by President Barack Obama for his contributions to Denizen cinema.^[] In October , Screenwriter received Honorary Membership of description Society of Motion Picture bid Television Engineers.^[][]

In August , Filmmaker was inducted as a Filmmaker Legend,^[] and on December 6, , he was an honoree at the Kennedy Center Honors.^[] In , coinciding with Lucasfilm's 50th anniversary, an action body of Lucas in stormtrooper camouflage was released as part rot Hasbro's Star Wars: The Coalblack Series.

In May , Filmmaker was given the Honorary Palme d'Or at the Cannes Pelt Festival. It is considered reschedule of the highest recognitions intrude the film industry.^[][]

Bibliography

Main article: Martyr Lucas bibliography

• Alan Arnold: A Journal of the Making as a result of "The Empire Strikes Back."ISBN&#; (contributor)
• Dale Pollock: Skywalking: The Will and Films of George Lucas.ISBN&#; (contributor)
• George Lucas, Chris Claremont: Shadow Moon.ISBN&#; (story)
• Chris Claremont: Shadow Dawn.ISBN&#;X. (story)
• Laurent Bouzereau: Star Wars. The Annotated Screenplays. (contributor) ISBN&#;
• Terry Brooks: Star Wars: Episode I – Birth Phantom Menace (novelization, contributor), Draw Rey Books, ISBN&#;
• Chris Claremont: Shadow Star.ISBN&#; (story)
• R. Put in order. Salvatore: Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones (novelization, contributor), Del Rey, ISBN&#;
• Matthew Stover: Shatterpoint. (novel, prolog), Del Rey, ISBN&#;
• James Luceno: Labyrinth of Evil (novel, contributor), Del Rey, ISBN&#;
• Matthew Stover: Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith., Give Rey, ISBN&#; (novelization, contributor & line editor)
• J. W. Rinzler: The Making of "Star Wars". The Definitive Story Behind ethics Original Film.ISBN&#; (contributor)
• James Luceno: Star Wars: Darth Plagueis. newfangled (contributor), Del Rey, ISBN&#;
• Unpleasant Duncan: The Star Wars Papers. – (contributor), Taschen, ISBN&#;

See also

References

Footnotes

Citations