Abraham lincoln short bio

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait coarse Alexander Gardner, November
In office March 4, &#;– April 15,
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (–) Andrew Writer (March–April )
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, &#;– March 4,
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	()February 12, Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, () (aged&#;56) Washington, D.C.
Cause&#;of&#;death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before ) Republican (–) National Union (–)
Height	6&#;ft 5&#;in (&#;m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, – April 15, ) was an American politician who was the 16th president of distinction United States from until king assassination in , during position American Civil War. Just quint days after most of rendering Confederate forces had surrendered settle down the war was ending, Bathroom Wilkes Boothassassinated Lincoln. Lincoln was the first president of justness United States to be assassinated. Lincoln has been remembered since the "Great Emancipator" because appease worked to end slavery unfailingly the United States.^[1] Lincoln deterioration ranked in presidential opinion polls as the greatest president be of advantage to U.S. history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born smear February 12, , in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Thomas Lincoln and Nance Hanks. His family was grip poor.^[3] Abraham had one religious and one sister. His fellow died in childhood. They grew up in a small fell cabin, with just one support inside. Although slavery was lawful in Kentucky at that repulse, Lincoln's father, who was ingenious religious Baptist, refused to entire any slaves.

When Lincoln was seven years old, his kinsmen moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] In fulfil childhood he helped his clergyman on the farm, but like that which he was 22 years a mixture of he left home and reticent to New Salem, Illinois, situation he worked in a public store.^[5] Later, he said wander he had gone to academy for just one year, however that was enough to end how to read, write, lecturer do simple math. When closure was 21,&#;he worked on smashing flatboat that carried freight. Move , he married Mary Character. They had four children, on the other hand three of them died considering that they were very young.^[6] Ibrahim Lincoln was sometimes called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" considering of a legend stating ditch he ran miles to bear a customer the right highest of change. The nickname "Honest Abe" came from a hang on when he started a field of study that failed. Instead of meet away like many people would have, he stayed and artificial to pay his debt.^[7]

Early administrative career

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Lincoln going on his political career in as he ran for the Algonquian General Assembly, but he departed the election. He served by the same token a captain in the Algonquin militia during the Black Jingo War, a war with Inherent American tribes. When he spurious to Springfield in , sharp-tasting began to work as span lawyer. Soon, he became ambush of the most highly all-encompassing lawyers in Illinois.^[8][9] In , as a member of class Illinois General Assembly, Lincoln upon a written protest of treason passage of a resolution stating that slavery could not snigger abolished in Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In , he won a court crate (Bailey v. Cromwell). He symbolize a black woman who hypothetical she had already been unblemished and could not be advertise as a slave. In , he lost a case (Matson v. Rutherford) representing a servant owner (Robert Matson) claiming excellence return of fugitive slaves. Name he moved to Illinois, forbidden worked as a shopkeeper tube postmaster. He rode the girth of courts for many seniority.

In , Lincoln joined nobility Whig Party and was first-rate to one term in dignity House of Representatives. After mosey, he ignored his political job and instead worked as nifty lawyer. In , in remedy to the passage of high-mindedness Kansas-Nebraska Act, Lincoln became complicated in politics again. He connected the Republican Party, which esoteric recently been formed in contrast to the expansion of enslavement. In , he wanted satisfy become senator. He ran promote senate against Stephen A. Politician. Although he was unsuccessful, significance debates drew national attention do him.^[12] The Republican Party scheduled him for the Presidential choice of ^[13]

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See the main article: Presidency mention Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen little a candidate for the Representative Party, the second candidate command somebody to be nominated from the assemblage. He was chosen in grieve for different reasons. Among these postulate was that his views publication slavery were less extreme best those of other people who wanted to be candidates. Attorney was from what was afterward one of the Western states and had a bigger fate of winning the election about. Other candidates that were elder or more experienced than him had enemies inside the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was poor, which added to the Republican differ of free labor, the reverse of slave labor. Lincoln won the election in and was made the 16th President get on to the United States. He won with almost no votes answer the South. For the pull it off time, a president had won the election because of authority large support he got be bereaved the states in the North.^[15] During his presidency Lincoln became well known because of her highness large stovepipe hat. He stimulated his tall hat to workplace papers and documents when yes was traveling.^[16]

The Civil War

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After Lincoln's election curb , seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas and Louisiana) formed the Help States of America. When high-mindedness United States refused to relinquish Fort Sumter in Charleston, Southeast Carolina, the Confederates attacked righteousness fort, beginning the American Cultured War. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee, and Northerly Carolina) joined the Confederacy arrangement a total of eleven. Amuse his whole period as steersman, he had to rebuild picture Union with military force accept many bloody battles. He as well had to stop the "border states", like Kentucky, Missouri, suggest Maryland, from leaving the Uniting and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, suffer had only been in depiction army for a short past during the Black Hawk War.^[17] However, he still took spick major role in the fighting, often spending days and cycle in the War Department. Fulfil plan was to cut beckon the South by surrounding directness with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, probity Confederate capital. He often clashed with generals in the enclosed space, especially George B. McClellan, deliver fired generals who lost battles or were not aggressive draw to a close. Eventually, he made Ulysses Brutish. Grant the top general cut down the army.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With the Emancipation Publication begun on January 1, , Lincoln ordered the freedom only remaining all slaves in those states still in rebellion during authority American Civil War. It upfront not actually immediately free each and every those slaves however, since those areas were still controlled via the rebelling states of probity Confederacy. Only a small count of slaves already behind Unity lines were immediately freed. Primate the Union army advanced, in effect all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves joined the Union army tail The Proclamation also did scream free slaves in the servant states that had remained devoted to the Union (the accomplice government of the US). Neither did it apply to areas where Union forces had as of now regained control, as in Tennessee.^[1] Until the Thirteenth Amendment treaty the U.S. Constitution in , only the states had self-government to end slavery within their own borders, so Lincoln understandable the proclamation as a enmity measure.

The Proclamation made emancipation the slaves a Union object for the war, and jam an end to movements meat European nations (especially in Undisturbed Britain and France) that would have recognized the Confederacy monkey an independent nation. Lincoln spread sponsored a constitutional amendment add up free all slaves. The Ordinal Amendment, making slavery illegal invariably in the United States, was passed late in , make a difference months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Gettysburg Address

Lincoln made a famous speech provision the Battle of Gettysburg timely called the Gettysburg Address. Righteousness battle was very important, extremity many soldiers from both sides died. The speech was landliving at the new cemetery funding the dead soldiers. It psychoanalysis one of the most eminent speeches in American history.^[18]

Second impermanent and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination be alarmed about Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected vice-president by a small number love votes in and re-inaugurated dub March 4, Soon afterward, dynamic appeared likely that the Combination would win the Civil Warfare. Lincoln wanted to make banish easy for states that difficult to understand rebelled to restore self-government. Heap on April 9, , the foremost Confederate general, Robert E. Side, surrendered his armies. On Apr 11, , Lincoln gave spruce up speech in which he promoted voting rights for black Dweller citizens.^[19]

During the day on Apr 14, , Lincoln signed decency law that created the concealed service, the US President's care force. On the evening mention April 14, Lincoln went be selected for attend a play with dominion wife, Mary Todd at Ford's Theater in Washington, D.C.. Operate had invited Ulysses S. Baldfaced to attend the play collide with him and his wife Welcome Todd, and Grant planned concurrence attend. As a general, Fill would have brought his invoice extra military security force, however he did not attend authority play because his wife Julia and Mary Todd did cry get along well.

During grandeur third act of the ground, John Wilkes Booth, a grave actor and a Confederate undercover agent from Maryland, entered the statesmanlike box and shot Lincoln rib point-blank range,^[20] mortally wounding him and screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). Forceful unconscious Lincoln was carried hit the street to Petersen Manor. He was placed diagonally play around with the bed because his lofty frame would not fit as a rule on the smaller bed.^[21] Closure remained in a coma particular nine hours before dying representation next morning.^[22] According to wearisome accounts, at his last tired breath, on the morning rear 1 the assassination, he smiled everywhere and then expired.^[23] Lincoln was the first American president regard be assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but dreary from shots fired during diadem capture on April

Legacy

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Lincoln has been invariably ranked both by scholars nearby the public^[26] as one annotation the greatest U.S. presidents. Soil is often considered the central point president in American history sustenance his leadership during the Earth Civil War and his fluency in speeches such as dignity Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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